(C40) Clinical and Imaging Characteristics of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Standard Poodles and Their Cross-breeds

Abstract

Background:  Standard poodle (SP) cross-bred (SP-C) dogs have gained popularity with limited literature representation. 

Objectives:  Report clinical, imaging, and procedural data in SP/SP-C dogs with PDA. 

Animals: Twenty-nine client-owned SP/SP-C dogs. 

Methods: Multi-institutional medical record review (2010-2024). Data are reported as median and range.

Results: Breeds included SP (13/29), goldendoodle (8/29), labradoodle (6/29), and bernedoodle (2/29). At presentation, dogs were 0.6 years old (0.2-6.0) and weighed 13.8 kg (3.1-25.6). Nine had concurrent congenital heart disease, and 13 required diuretic therapy. Intra-operative imaging was performed with angiography (n=27) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) (n=19). Based on TEE (19/29), PDA morphology was type IIA (10/19), IIB (7/19), or other (2/19). Pulmonary ostium diameter (TEE-PO), ampulla diameter 4mm above the ostium (TEE-Amp4), ampulla diameter at aorta level (TEE-AmpAo), and ampulla length were 4.1mm (1.4-8.1), 9.5mm (3.6-13.0), 12.3mm (2.6-20.0), and 15.1mm (8.8-20.0), respectively. The TEE-PO was 42% (35-66%) of the TEE-Amp4. Closure methods included Amplatz canine duct occluder (ACDO) (26/29) and surgical ligation (3/29). Median ACDO size was 7mm (3-12). Immediately after ACDO occlusion, ampulla diameter at the ACDO and TEE-AmpAo were 11.8mm (3.7-14.9) and 15.4mm (3.1-22.1), a median increase of 18% (3-60) and 16% (6-37), respectively. Procedural complications included intra-operative atrial fibrillation (2/29), device embolization following ampulla dilation with subsequent ligation and mild persistent residual flow (1/29), and post-operative death following PDA rupture with partial ligation (1/29).  

Conclusions and Clinical Importance: SP/SP-C dogs can have large or unusually shaped PDAs with TEE imaging able to provide useful anatomic information and intraoperative monitoring.